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There is only ONE GOD, supreme and highest, the maker of visible and invisible, who is from everlasting to everlasting.

The Judaic scriptures, "The Torah" and the book of the Prophets calls GOD by the name powerful name YHWH, Adonai or Lord, El Shaddai and lot other names and the Cabalist were able to decipher from the second book of Moses, the Exodus; and the Psalms of King David, the 'Schemaphoras' or the 72 names of God where these names are in itself are also the name of the corresponding Angel.
The One God who is worshiped by the children of Patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob i.e. the 12 tribes, is OMNIPRESENT, OMNISCIENT, and OMNIPOTENT. The Angels, as it is recorded in the Bible, are messengers of God, as such they are representatives and became the presence of God on arth and to His people.

Of the many children of Adam and Eve, and the children of Noah,  God particularly bestow His liking and blessing, because of a Covenant He made to Abraham and the blessing that Isaac received from his father, to Jacob. Jacob's name was changed to "Israel" [ or Yish Ra El] as the Angel told him after their strenuous fight; the Angel was defeated by Jacob. Jacob obtained blessing from the Angel and he knew the Angel's name. The Angel who fought with Jacob was called and considered god [or God] as it was recorded in Genesis but today we know it was not YHWH but His angel. The GOD-YHWH renew and confirmed His covenant with Jacob in Bethel [i.e. Beth-EL House of God]. Jacob was made to become the 'Cream of the Crop' of all the other children of Adam from Noah. God -YHWH was particularly worshiped by the descendants of Heber, or the Hebrews [Heber is the root word of Hebrew]. So, of all the people of the world, through the Angel and through the vision given by God YHWH to Jacob, the Hebrew i.e. the Israelites, became the foremost and central player and witnesses of the manifestation of the Invisible Hand of God YHWH.

Joseph the Dreamer and the Sons of Jacob in Egypt
Joseph, the youngest of the sons of Jacob, was sold to slavery by his own brothers and was later became the greatest and favored man in the court of the Egyptian Pharaoh. He was called ' The Messiah or Saviour of the World' for because of his wise interpretation of the Pharaoh's dream he was able, by the help of YHWH, to devise plan of action that saves the known world from starvation, famine and death. He died and the children of Israel grew in the land of Egypt. And Joseph's glory was soon forgotten when the descendant of the Good Pharaoh sits in his throne as successor; who is wicked.The Pharaoh grew afraid of an imagined threat of the Israelites in the stability of his kingly position, he imposed heavy burdens and controls the birth and population of the Israelites. He ordered that all male child be slaugthered yet still the children of Israel multiplies, till a more strong edict necessitates an hebrew mother to save her son and put his life in the hand of the God of their fathers. The child was laid in a waterproofed basket and float it in the Nile river. The child was seen by the Egyptian princess and he was saved from water and was named "Moses". He was adopted by the Egyptian princess as her very own and was raised in the Egyptian education. He was to become the Liberator of the oppressed and the enslaved Israelite. Moses later knew he was a Hebrew and with this discovery he searched his family and found it. He met his mother and his brethren. An incident and the discovery of his lineage removed from him his honor as Son of the Royal Family and was exiled as punishment for murdering an Egyptian who assaulted his fellow Hebrew; in his desire to help its life.

It was in his exile that God YHWH showed Himself, in the holy mountain of Moria, through the lowly burning bush, in the form of fire. God told Moses His name, "I AM THAT I AM". He said He heard the cry of His people and he is sending Moses to lead them to freedom and bring them to the promised land, the land He promised to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. So he sent Moses to liberate His people from the bondage and oppression of the wicked Pharaoh. God YHWH, through Moses and his brother Aaron, manifested miracles to convince the Pharaoh to release His people so they can worship him in the desert. After several Requests and Rejections, by the hand of God, the Israelite was released. It was not until the curse by death of the first born male child brought Pharaoh and all the land of Egypt into submission to the demand of the chosen people. God ordered Moses to mark the doorpost of the Hebrew's door with the blood of the slain lamb. This blood will serve as sign and symbol to the Death Angel that the household are Hebrews, and shall not hurt them with death.
This caused great lamentation among the Egyptians, their firstborns from human to animals died. This pressured the Pharaoh to release them. But not so long after they left Egypt, the Pharaoh changed his mind and chased them and the climax of this was in the parting of the Red Sea. The dramatic part of the passage to the sea was that YHWH through Moses commanded the children of Israel to walk on water, the water was not parted yet, it's still there, their clothes are getting wet and they move into the cold water deeper and deeper and in the point when their head were about to be submerged in water God by His might parted the sea and the people walked in dry land amazed, in great awe and singing the might and power of the God of Israel. There Moses in the most solemn utterance says " From Everlasting to Everlasting Thou art GOD".

Israel was without land and was not a nation but they have one great thing, if you could call it a thing, and that is God. They have the God who forged an everlasting covenant with their fathers Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. That's all they have and nothing more. For forty years of wandering in the desert God trained and formed the Israelite to be obedient to Him, He put them in several severe tests of obedience and has tested their resolve in following Moses, their leader. YHWH God has given them the everlasting guide to conduct themselves to ensure peace and order as a new nation, the famous Decalogue or the Ten Commandments; which was explained and elucidated by Moses and the priests and was later became almost 600 derivative laws and regulations.

The God of the Old Testament
Thus is the God of Israel, the God of Torah, the God of the Old Testament. The God who made covenant to the Patriarch, the God who wills that His chosen people become a nation dedicated for Him. The God who showed Himself and gave Laws in the mountain, Mount Sinai. The God whose face was not seen by mortals because He is a Spirit and a Voice. The God who uses the Angels, and the Prophets to be his mortal hands, lips and feet. He formed His own priesthood by setting aside the tribe of Levi among the rest of the children of Israel. He raised the dignity of the Levites and He demanded respect and obedience to them in matters of worship and offerings. He chose Aaron, his sons and his descendants in the service. He ordered Moses to make Him a Tabernacle, an Ark of the Covenant, so He can live among the people through it. Through this Ark He will tell him what He would like the people to do. The Ark of the Covenant will be for Him a meeting place with Moses and the priests in the generations to come.

The Promise of the Pouring of the Spirits
God through the prophets spoke of the 'pouring of His spirits in the flesh where all men and women, children and old people shall see visions and prophecy', 'the cleansing of men sins', "the renewal of one's heart from heart of stone to heart of flesh". He also say of 'the coming of His children from the far east, the Hebrews or the descendants of Heber, the sons and daughters of Israel in Diaspora'. God, in this early and pre-Christian period already mentioned of this things to come.

Many historic events and generations passed in the chosen people. It was proven by their experience and by history that when they turn their head from YHWH, He punishes them with plagues, famine, drought, sickness and incurable diseases, death, and they were trampled and crushed by their enemies. And when they return with broken heart and changed their way God remember His promise, and helped, and saved them and raised them up once again in glory.

The Coming of the Son of God
The same God promised to send His son through the utterances and visions of the several prophets like Isaiah, Moses, Jeremiah and others. The prophecies were fulfilled in Jesus Christ the only son of the Blessed Virgin Mary. He performed miracles and spoken teachings that no one in His time was able to imitate or disprove. His words and works are powerful. He is the Son of God and the Son of Man. He chose several men and women for His work of spreading the Good News of salvation, not alone from the tyranny and works of the devil but also the promise of the security and peace in the Kingdom of God. He established His church who shall continue His saving works throughout the world in all times till He comes again in glory. In the last supper He said and promised to His disciples that when He was glorified and ascended, the Paraclete, the Spirit of Truth shall come to for them to remind them, to empower them, to teach them, that will unite them in spirit and in truth, and to tell them things to come. He was captured, condemned and crucified under the ruler-ship of Pilate, died and was buried, and the third day he rose from the dead. He appeared first to his mother, then to Mary Magdalene and to the rest of the disciples. And for another forty days He was with them teaching them the laws and the words of the prophets. After this He ascended into heaven in the right hand of His Father, which was later seen by dying Deacon Saint Stephen. The Jesus, whom the apostles and the rest of the disciples seen and touched in that forty days, was the glorified Jesus - the face and likeness of the one who shall come, the promised Paraclete.

Our Lord delivered His messages, teachings and performed miracles among the multitudes and the disciples while in the mountain of Olive. He was crucified and was buried in the mountain, the Mount Calvary - or the Skull. He ascended by the Mount Olive. Like the Father, He gave laws and His laws were the summary of the Decalogue; plus the third one which is "Love one another!" He mandated and sent His disciples to preach to all the world the Good News that whoever believed and baptized in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit will be saved. He left a parting promise that He will be with His disciples till the end of times.

In the Pentecost, as it was promised the Apostles were imbued with the power from heaven - the descent of the holy spirits from the One Holy Spirit who is God and the Third Person of the Holy Trinity. The apostles were able to convert and baptized several men and women including children in the household into the new faith in the Good News brought by Jesus. The newly baptized Christian in the time of the Pentecost brought home the new faith and most probably shared it through stories in their family and countrymen and that explains that some form and expression of the faith in Jesus already manifested in those places prior to the arrival of the apostles.

The Apostles, as they  were asked by the Lord, go their way finding the Lost Children of the House of Israel. Saint Mark went his way to Egypt, James his way to Spain, others went to the Mesopotamian and the Persian region and Saint Thomas to Afghanistan, to Malabar India, to China, Japan and most probably the Philippine Island [whose old name was Maharlika and the biblical Ophir].

The Early Christians
The early Christians were persecuted and killed, at the instigation of the unbelieving Jews, by the Romans, Saul of Tarsus, a member of the Sanhedrin and also a Pharisee was one of the greatest persecutor of the Christians. He was converted by the Spirit of Jesus while he was on his way to Damascus. He was sent to preach the Good News to  the Gentile nation; to those who are not of the House of Israel. The greatest persecutor was now one of the greatest apostles. Wherever the Apostles preached they also baptized people into the new faith, into the new spiritual nation, the new people of God - not by color or race, not by blood but by belief in Jesus the Christ and Son of God. The promised spirit was with them and in them and wherever they go the Spirit of Jesus followed and guided them and given them courage. The help and assistance of holy spirits like the Angels were also evident as in the case of the liberation of Peter from prison.

The number of the faithful greatly increased and the number of those who takes care of them was insufficient, so the Apostles, by the virtue of their mandate received from the Lord, lay their hands over the holy men and appointed them as deacons and presbyters [or priests as the Apostles are the fullness of priesthood, the Bishops]. Several Christian communities, large and small, were formed under the direction and guidance of the Apostles [and the apostles of the Apostles]. These communities were later called Churches. Saint Ignatius says that "wherever the people are gathered around their mandated bishop there is the Catholic Church". It was the original concept and working principle of Catholicism.

Saint Peter and His Successors, the First among Equal
All the Apostles are equal among each other, no one received a bigger part of the tongue of fire in the Pentecost than the other. Each one recieved the power to forgive and absolve sins, to bind and to loose. Of all the Apostle, Saint Peter, by virtue of his strong faith and declaration that Jesus is the Son of the Living God he was made "The First among equal" a dignity proper to an older brother under the one Fatherhood of God, the Father of Jesus. Saint Peter holds the key of the Kingdom, that key was his faith. And in that faith Jesus will build His Church and He did. That faith we should have to keep until the end of time, until our death; the same faith we should endeavor to defend, to live and to die- that faith is the Catholic Faith, the faith of the Apostles. That same conviction of the true nature of Jesus, Saint Peter along with the rest of the faithful raised the flag of the victory of Christ even to their martyrdom in Rome. Their death was followed by mass slaughter and martyrdom of several other Christians. They shed their blood for the Faith, the Catholic Faith whom the Apostles and all the other first Christian knew and practiced. They bought and convert Rome by spilling their own precious blood to germinate the seed of conversion of the tyrannical Empire called Rome.

Constantine and the conversion of Rome
Hundreds of years passed, the early Christians celebrated their breaking of the bread or the Sacrifice of the Cross called Mass beneath the ground, under ground, in the Catacomb. Not until the conversion of Constantine, who saw in a vision the famous IHSV or In Hoc Signo Vinces- "By this Sign you shall Conquer." The persecuted Church of Rome became the state religion, finally the Christians in Rome and the to all the lands of the Empire were recognized and were now protected by an Imperial Edict of Toleration. At first, it was for them a humbling experience that God finally heard the prayer of the Christians all over the known world to convert Rome to the Faith.

The bishop of Rome, successor of Peter, human and fragile as we are, fall victim to the temptation of material and political power interest, insisted that all the other Bishops of the Churches or community founded by the other Apostles be submitted to him. He liked to be called Ecumenical Patriarch which means Universal Patriarch, Father of All. The elder brother could no longer act as elder brother but demanded to be called the Father using the verses of the scripture to justify his claims. Apostolic traditions anathematized this idea.  Each Apostle is a father in his community for he begotten the faithful by their teachings and preaching of the Gospel. It was not in the idea nor in the mind of Peter that he will be called Father of the rest of his fellow Apostles during his time or even by his successors. There were five known holy Sees and these are the See of Rome, Constantinople, Antioch, Jerusalem, and Alexandria. Among these five the See of Rome is primary not only because it was the See of  Saint Peter but also it was the political center of the Roman Empire, the Capital of the known world so to say.

{ Gap...to be continued }

Who is the Holy Spirit?

The Holy Spirit is the Soul and Spirit of Jesus Christ and the Spirit of the Unseen Father whose name is YHWH, not two separate Spirits but One Spirit of the Father and the Son.

The Athanasian Creed says " As the Father is God, the Son is God, and the Holy Spirit is God, yet it was forbidden for Catholics and contrary to the teaching of the Church to say that there are three Gods!"

To be continued...